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One of the first reliable mention of the medicinal use of ginseng is contained in the ancient work of Chinese Emperor Shen-Noon "Shen-Ben-Cao (The Healing book of Shen - Noon", IV century BC). Later, in 502 AD , a supplement to the Shen-Noon works was writen by Tao Heung - Chin, were described information about ginseng, and where also other 730 plants were described. Since then, the majority of books on Chinese medicine will certainly contain a section devoted to ginseng, over time, they included the conditions of growing this medicinal root.
One of the most important sources of knowledge on ginseng has been 52-volume work of the Chinese pharmacologist and physician Li Shi-Chen "Ben-Cao Kang-mu", which was published in 1592 The author has spent 27 years to compilate a description of almost 2 thousand not only plants but also animal and mineral drugs and different compositions of them.
Information on ginseng was strictly guarded. Marco Polo's book about his journey through the East (1274) reported about some "elixir of life." In 1610 Dutch merchants first brought home the mysterious plant from Japan. So the information about the plant with the exceptional healing properties that exist on the East gradually came to Europe.
Only in 1711 the first serious work was written by a French Jesuit monk Jartie, which more closely acquainted Europeans with ginseng. Being in China, Jartie gathered a lot of information about ginseng.
Jartie wrote: ".. they say that this is an excellent remedy for all kinds of weakness caused by excessive overwork of the body or spirit, that it cures the weakness of the lungs and pleurisy, and that it strengthens the chest and it’s a cure for apnea, that it strengthens the stomach and promotes appetite and that it increases vitality, improves lymph blood which is good for dizziness and poor vision, and that it prolongs life in old age.
In Russia, first mention about ginseng appeared in the compositions of translator of the embassy order N. Spafary. Spafary was in charge of the embassy sent by the king Aleksei Mikhailovich in February 1675 to China. A unique document, which was released in 1678, entitled "Description of first half of the universe called Asia, and also the Chinese state, with all its cities and provinces. " It says: "And the root is boiled and given to those which are weak from a long illness, and the great support cast.” Spafary not only described the ginseng and methods of its usage in China, but also brought some roots to Russia.
In 1690 in Nuremberg, a court physician of the Russian monarch Lawrence Blumentroest wrote a letter, where he describes the preparation of the ginseng drugs and indications for its use. The doctors, members of the Russian mission in Beijing, as a sign of special grace several times received from the Chinese emperor about a half a pound of ginseng.
Shortly after the Jartie publication Joseph Francois Lyafito French missionary in Quebec (Canada), found five-leafed Ginseng near Montreal (1716), basing on descriptions given by his countrymen.
It turned out that North American Indians were well acquainted with this plant and used it for medicinal purposes long before European colonists appeared.
Canadian Indians used five-leafed ginseng as blood-purifuing treatment. He used by the Iroquois, known for its curative properties among Indian tribes Fox, Anandas, Oneyda, Potawatomi.
In June 1902 James Regsdeyl the American consul in Tianjin reported home: "There are four main types of ginseng, known for the trade - a local from Jilin Province and nearby provinces, Korean, American and Japanese.
Miraculous healing properties of ginseng are attributed to Jilin ginseng, and he has a very high cost: for the best roots traded for the silver by weight, and the silver was given to 200-600 times more than the weight of the root.
Of course, only rich people can benefit from this expensive drug, but the Chinese belief in the virtue of this plant is so strong, that even the poor doing terrible sacrifices to get it in cases of extreme necessity.
Due to huge demand and limited stocks of wild roots farmers near Jilin have thriving business, growing ginseng, although its price - only a small part of what one would pay for the wild ginseng.
Korean Ginseng - next by his cost. The consumption of its huge, but there is almost no statistics, because most of it being smuggled.
American ginseng every year becomes more and more famous and popular, especially in the southern provinces. Almost everyone consume it in a spring as a tonic. Cheapest Ginseng - Japanese. It is used primarily by those who can not buy the other types. "
At the end of the XIX century it was learned how to grow Ginseng at the plantation in Korea, and later in China and Japan. Ginseng is quite fragile and demanding. It requires a carefully preparation of the soil and very careful care. It is often become envenomed by fungi, and he dies.
To harvest the Ginseng roots on the plantations is possible when the plant has reached the age of 6-7 years. The roots are carefully exhumed and thoroughly cleaned with the brush. Then dried in the dryer at a temperature of 40-60 ° C. Humidity of the dried roots should not exceed 10%.
The first Europen colonists in America was adding Ginseng to the tea in order to increase appetite and improve digestion, especially for the elderly and the weak children's. Today in the U.S. and Canada five-leafed ginseng is becoming increasingly popular treatment and prevention tool. In 1992, American Society of Ginseng researchers published a book called "American ginseng in America," which lists numerous examples of the use of five-leafed ginseng for medicinal purposes. Thus, the result of his admission medications (root powder, fresh root, etc.) have been lowering cholesterol levels, the disappearance of addiction to alcohol, he has assisted women in menopause, increased levels of estrogen (female sex hormone).
Oriental Medicine attributes the ginseng with the ability to prolong life,therefore in China, Korea, Japan and Indochina taking ginseng medicines encouraged not only for sick people but also healthy people who have reached 40 years.
For more information, see "Internet about Ginseng"
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